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Refs: ?
16:20
Hector Pasten, UGA NT seminar.
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Mordell’s conjecture: for \(C\) a curve, \(C({\mathbb{Q}}) < \infty\).
- Chabauty: if \({\operatorname{rank}}J({\mathbb{Q}}) > g = \dim J({\mathbb{Q}})\), then \(C({\mathbb{Q}})\) is finite.
- Faltings: Proof using heights on moduli spaces
- Vojta: Proof by Diophantine approximation.
- Abel-Jacobi map: \(C\to J_C\) by \(x \mapsto [x-x_0]\).
- Chabauty’s proof: let \(\Gamma\) be the \(p{\hbox{-}}\)adic closure of \(J({\mathbb{Q}})\) in \(J({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p })\), which is a \(p{\hbox{-}}\)adic Lie subgroup of \(J({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p })\). Interpret \(\Gamma \cap C({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p })\) as zero loci of \(p{\hbox{-}}\)adic analytic functions of \(C({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p })\), constructed using integration.
- See good reduction, hyperplane section.
- Nice: smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible.
- Looks hyperbolic: contains no elliptic curves.
- First Chern number: self-intersection of the canonical divisor.
- Reduction map \({ \text{red} }: A({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p }) \to A({\mathbb{F}}_p)\), take residue discs \(U_x \coloneqq{ \text{red} }^{-1}(x)\) for \(x\in A({\mathbb{F}}_p)\). Bound the number of points in \(X({\mathbb{Q}}_p) \cap\Gamma \cap U_x\).
- Fat point: \({ {\mathbb{Q}}_p }[z]/\left\langle{z^n}\right\rangle\) for some \(n> 1\).